新目标九年级英语语法总结 Unit8 短语动词小结
常见短语动词结构有下面几种：
1.动词+副词 如：give up 放弃 turn off 关掉 stay up 熬夜 这种结构有时相当于及物动词，如果其宾语是代词，就必须放在动 词和副词之间，如果是名词，则既可插在动词和副词之间，也可放 在短语动词后。
2.动词+介词 如：listen of 听 look at 看 belong to 属于
这种结构相当于及物动词，后面跟宾语。
3.动词+副词+介词 如：come up with 提出，想出
run out of 用完，耗尽
4.动词+名词(介词)如：take part in参加 catch hold of 抓住 1.cheer(sb.)up 使(某人)高兴、振作 如：cheer me up 使我高兴
clean up 打扫
clean-up n.打扫
2.homeless adj.无家可归的a homeless boy 一个无家可归的男孩
home n.家
3.hand out 分发
hand out bananas
give out 分发
give out sth to sb.分….给某人 give up doing 放弃…
give up smoking 放弃吸烟
give away 赠送 捐赠
give away sth.to ….give away money to kids
give sb.sth.给某人某东西
give me money 给我钱
give sth.to sb.给某人某东西 give money to me 给我线 4.sick adj.生病的作表语、定语
ill adj.生病的作表语，不能作定语 5.volunteer to do v.志愿效劳、主动贡献
volunteer n.志愿者
6.come up with 提出 想出 === think up 想出
catch up with 赶上 追上 7.put off doing 推迟做某事
put on 穿上(指过程)
put up 张贴
8.write down 写下
记下 9.call up 打电话
make a telephone call 打电话 10.set up 成立 建立
The new hospital was set up in 2024.这座医院是在2024年成立的。11.each 每个 各自的 强调第一个人或事物的个别情况 常与of 连用
every 每个 每一个的 一切的 则有“全体”的意思不能与of 连用 12.put …to use 把… 投入使用，利用
They put the new machine to use.他们把新机器投入使用 13.help sb.(to)do 帮助某人做某事 help him(to)study
help sb.with sth.帮助某人做某事 help him with English
help do 帮助做某事
help study 14.plan to do 计划做某事
plan + 从句
I plan to go to Beijing.=== I plan(that)I will go to Beijing.我计划去北京。15.spend … doing 花费…做… I spent a day visiting Beijing.我花了一天的时间去参观北京。
spend… on sth.花费…在… I spent 3 years on English.16.not only … but(also)… 不但… 而且… 用来连接两个并列的成分
(1)引导以 not only …but(also)… 开头的句子往往引起部分倒装。因此 ⑴Not only do I feel good but(also)….是倒装句。也是说得要 把前面的句子中的助动词或者是情态动词放在主语的前面。如：
①Not only can I do it but(also)I can do best.我不仅能做到而且做得最好。
(2)Not only…but(also)… 接两主语时，谓语动词随后面的主语人称和数的变化 也就是就近原则 如：
①Not only Lily but(also)you like cat.不仅莉莉而且你也喜欢猫。
②Not only you but(also)Lily likes cat.不仅你而且莉莉喜欢猫。常见的就近原则的结构有：
Neither… nor…即不…也不…(两者都不)Neither you nor I like him.我和你都不喜欢他。
Either… or… 不是…就是…(两者中的一个)
Either Lily or you are a student.Not only …but(also)…
There be 17.join 参加(指参加团体、组织)如：join the Party 入党
take part in 参加(指参加活动)如： take part in sports meeting 参加运动会 18.①run out of == use up 用完 用尽
I have run out of money.== I have used up money.我已经用完了钱。
②run away 逃跑
The monkey has run away from the zoo.这只猴子已经从动物园里逃跑了。
③run to + 地方 跑到某地
19.take after(在外貌、性格等方面)与(父母等)相像
be similar to 与..相像
take after 相像
look after 照顾
take care of 照顾 20.work out
算出
结局
The situation worked out quite well.情况的结局非常好
Have you worked out this math problem? 你已经算出这道数学问题了吗？ 21.hang out 闲荡 闲逛
I like to hang out at mall with my friends.我喜欢和我的朋友一起去购物中心闲荡。22.be able to do 能 会
be unable to do 不能 不会
23.thank you for doing 谢谢做某事 如：
thank you for helping me 谢谢做帮助我 24.for sure 确实如此，毫无疑问
You don't have money.That's for sure.你没有钱，这是毫无疑问的。25.fill… with… 使…充满…
用…填充…
She filled the bowl with water.她用水填满碗。
26.like prep.像…
27.help sb.out 帮助…做事，解决难题(摆脱困境)
I can't work out this math problem.Please help me out.我不能算出这道数学问题，请你帮我解决。28.train n.火车
train v.训练
train sb.to do.训练某人做某事
She trains her dog to fetch things.她训练她的狗去取东西。29.at once == right away 立刻 马上 如：
Do it at once.马上去做。
I'll go there at once/ right away.我马上去那里。30.one day 有一天(指将来/过去)
some day 有一天(指将来)如：
One day I went to Beijing.有一天我去了北京。
Some day I'll go to Beijing.有一天我将去北京。
31.specially adv.特意地 专门地 特别地
special adj.特别的 32.donation n.捐赠物
donate v.捐赠 赠送 33.part of speech 词性 词类
34.disabled adj.肢体有残疾的 disable v.不能 新目标九年级英语语法总结 Unit9 1.被动语态
(1).被动语态表示句子的主语是谓语动词所表示的动作承受者。
(2).被动语态基本结构：be+及物动词的过去分词(如果是不用物动词，其过去分词应带有相应的介词)
(3).被动语态中的be 是助动词，有人称、数和时态的变化。
一般现在时被动语态为：am/is/are+过去分词
一般过去时被动语态为：was/were+ 过去分词
与情态动词连用的被动语态：情态动词+ be + 过去分词
(4).被动语态中动作的发出者或执行者做介词by的宾语，放在句末，by 表示“由，被”的意思如何理解被动语态？
为取胜更清晰、更深刻地理解被动语态的含义，可以将主动语态和被动语态的句子结构进行比较。
2.本单元要掌握的句型 见课本P69 中的Grammar Focus 3.invent v.发明
inventor n.发明家
invention n.发明 可数名词 4.be used for doing用来做…(是被动语态)如：
Pens are used for writing.笔是用来写的。
Pens aren't used for eating.笔不是用来吃的。
5.给某人某样东西
give sth.to sb.如：I gave a pen to him.我给他一支笔。
give sb.sth.I gave him a pen.我给他一支笔。6.all day 整天
7.salty adj.咸的salt n.盐
8.by mistake 错误地 如：
I took the umbrella by mistake.我不小心拿错了雨伞。9.make sb./sth.+形容词 使…怎么样
It made me happy.它使我高兴
make sb./sth.+名词
让…做…
It made me laugh.它让我发笑 10.by accident 意外 偶然
I met her by accident at bus stop.我在公共汽车站意外地见到了她。11.not…until… 直到…才做… 如： I didn't go to bed until I finished my work.我直到完成我的工作才去睡觉。12.according to +名词
根据… 如：
according to an legend according to this article根据这篇文章
根据一个神话 13.over an open fire 野饮 14.leaf n.叶子
复数形式 leaves 15.nearby adj.附近的如： the nearby river 16.fall into 落入 掉进 如：The leaf fell into the river.叶子落入了河里。fall down 摔倒
如：She fell down from her bike.她从她自行车摔倒了。
17.quite 非常 adv.与冠词a连用时，冠词a必须放在它的后面
如：
quite a beautiful girl 一个漂亮的女孩
very 非常 adv.与冠词a连用时，冠词a必须放在它的前面
如：
a very beautiful girl 一个漂亮女孩
注：当不与冠词a 连用时，两者可以互用 如：
I am very happy.=== I am quite happy.我非常高兴。18.in the way 这样
19.pleased adj.表示外部因素引起人发自内心的欣慰和愉快
pleasant adj.愉快 高兴 指天气、时间、旅行令人高兴愉快
please v.使高兴 使同意
20.battery-operated adj.电池控制的 是名词+动词的运动分词构成的合成形容词 21.in the sixth century 在第6世纪 22.travel around 周游
23.more than === over 超过 如：
more than 300 == over 300 超过300 24.including prep.介词
包括
可以与名词和动名词连用
如: Six people, including a baby, were hurt.6个人包括一个小孩受伤了。
25.have been played 被上演
是现在完成时的被动语态
现在完成时的被动语态的结构：have /has been +过去分词 26.be born 出生
He was born in Canada.他在加拿大出生 27.safety n.安全 safe adj.安全的 28.knock into 撞上(某人)29.pide sth.into … 将…划分成..通常指将一个整体分成几个对应相对的部分 如：
Let's pide ourselves into 4groups.让我们把我们自己划成4组。30.since then 自从那以后
常与完成时 态连用 如：
Since then, I have left Beijing.自从那以后，我已经离开了北京。新目标九年级英语语法总结 Unit10 1.过去完成时
(1)构成：由助动词had + 过去分词 构成
否定式：had not + 过去分词
缩写形式：hadn't
(2)用法
过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了 的动作。
(3)它所表示的时间是“过去的过去”。
①表示过去某一时间可用by, before 等构成的短语来表示 ②也可以用when, before, after 等引导的时间状语从句来表示
③还可以通过宾语从句或通过上下文暗示。When I got there, you had already eaten you meal.当我到达那里时，你已经开始吃了。By the time he got here, the bus had left.到他到达这里时，汽车已经离开了 2.by the time 直到…时候
指从过去某一点到从句所示的时间为止的一段时间
如： By the time we got to his house, he had finished supper.在我们到达他就已经吃完了晚饭。
3.英语中表示“把某物遗忘在某处”常用 leave + 地点 而不是forget+地点 如：Unluckily, I left my book at home.不幸的是，我把书忘在家里了。4.close v.关
adv.接近地 靠近地
closed adj.关的 5.come out 出来
6.on time 按时 准时 既不早也不迟
in time 及时 指在时限到来之前 7.luckily adv.幸运地
lucky adj.幸运的 luck n.好运 8.give sb.a ride 让某搭便车
如：
He often gives me a ride to school.他经常让我搭便车去学校。9.only just 刚刚好、恰好
10.go off(闹钟)闹响
The alarm went off just now.刚才警钟响了。11.break down 坏掉
12.fool n.傻子 呆子
v.愚弄 欺骗 如：
He is a fool.他是一个呆子。
We can't fool our teach.我们不能欺骗我们的教师。(动词)13.show up 出现 出席 She didn't show up last night.昨晚她没有出现 14.invite sb.to do sth.邀请某人做某做事 如：
My friend invited me to watch TV.我的朋友邀请我看电视。15.set off 激起 出发 set up 建立 16.①so … that 如此…以致于
引导结果状语从句，so后面接形容词、副词.②so that作“为了”时，引导目的状语从句，从句常出现情态动词，作结果状语从句时，从句中一般不用情态动词。如：She got up early so that she could catch the bus.为了能赶上车，她起得很早。(目的状语从句)
She was so sad that she couldn't say a word.她悲伤得一句话也说不出来。(结果状语从句)17.flee from 从…逃跑 避开They fled from their home.他们从他们家逃了出来。18.thrill v.使人非常激动，使人非常紧张
thrilled adj.指某人感到激动或感到紧张
thrilling adj.指某事物使人心情激动 19.get married 结婚
20.convince v.使信服
convincing adj.令人信服的 21.land v.着落 22.be late for 迟到
23.a piece of 一片/块/张 如： a piece of paper/ bread
一张纸/ 一块面包 新目标九年级英语语法总结 Unit11
1.宾语从句
宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语。
①由连接词+ 主语+ 谓语 构成常由下面的一些连接词引导：
②由that 引导
表示陈述意义 that 可省略
He says(that)he is at home.他说他在家里。
③由if , whether 引导
表示一般疑问意义(带有是否、已否、对否等)
I don't know if / whether Wei Hua likes fish.我不知道韦华是否喜欢鱼。
④由连接代词、连接副词(疑问词)引导
表示特殊疑问意义
Do you know what he wants to buy? 你知道他想要买什么吗？
⑤从句时态要与主句一致
当主句是一般现在时，从句根据情况使用任何时态
He says(that)he is at home.他说他在家里。
I don't know(that)she is singing now.我不知道她正在唱歌。
She wants to know if I have finished my homework.她想要知道我是否已经完成了我的作业。
Do you know when he will be back? 你知道他将会什么时候回来？
当主句是一般过去时，从句应使用过去某时态(一般过 去时,过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时)
He said(that)he was at home.他说他在家里。
I didn't know that she was singing now.我不知道她正在唱歌。She wanted to know if I had finished m homework.Did you know when he would be back? 你知道他将会什么时候回来？ 2.get v.得到、买、到达 3.make a telephone call 打电话 4.save money 省钱、存钱 5.①问路常用的句子：
Do you know where …is ?
Can you tell me how can I get to …? Could you tell me how to get to …？
②Can/Could/Will/Would you please tell me sth.表示十分客气地询问事情 ③Could you tell me how to get to the park?请你告诉我怎么才能去邮局好吗？
中的how to get to the park 是疑问词与动词不定式连用，用作宾语，但不是宾语从句，可是相当于how I can get to the park（宾语从句）如：
I don't know how to solve the problem.==I don't know how I can solve the problem.我不知道如何解决这个问题
Can you tell me when to leave? == Can you tell me when I ill leave? 你能告诉我什么时候离开？ 6.日常交际用语：
take the elevator / escalator to the … floor.乘电梯/自动扶梯到…楼
turn left / right === take a left / right 向左/ 右转
go past 经过
go straight 向前直走
7.next to 旁边、紧接着
如：Lily is next to Ann.莉莉就在安的旁边。8.between … and… 在…和…之间
如: Lily is between Ann and Tom.莉莉就在安和汤姆的之间。
9.decide to do 决定做… She decided to go to have lunch.她决定去吃午餐。
decide v.decision n.make a decision 做个决定 10.Is that a good place to hang out? 那是不是一个闲荡的好地方？
中的to hang out修饰前面名词place，不定式作定语.如：There are something to eat.这有吃的东西。中的to eat修饰代词something，作定语.11.kind of +adj./ adv.译为“有点、一点” 如：
She is kind of shy.她有点害羞。12.expensive 贵的 反义词 inexpensive 不贵的 13.crowded 拥挤的 反义词 uncrowded 不拥挤的 14.take a vacation == go on a vacation 去度假 15.dress up 打扮
dress up as 打扮成..如：He wanted to dress up as Father Christmas.他想要打扮成圣诞老人。16.on the beach 在海滩上 的介词用 on 17.politely adv.有礼貌地
polite adj.有礼貌的
18.depend on sth / doing / 从句
根据、依靠、依赖、决定于
Living things depend on the sunlight.生物对阳光有依赖性。
We can't depend on his answer.我们不能根据他的回答。
That depends on how you did it.那决定于你怎样做这件事。19.prefer动词
更喜欢 宁愿
常用的结构有：
prefer sth.更喜欢某事 I prefer English.我更喜欢英语。
prefer doing/ to do 宁愿做某事 I prefer sitting/ to sit.我宁愿坐着。
prefer sth to sth.同…相比更喜欢… I prefer dogs to cats.与猫相比我更喜欢狗。
prefer doing to doing 宁愿做某事而不愿做某事 I prefer walking to sitting.我宁愿走路也不愿坐着
prefer to do rather than do 宁愿做某事而不愿做某事
I prefer to work rather than be free.我宁愿工作而不愿闲着。20.on the other hand 另一方面
21.把…借给某人
lend sb.sth.＝＝
lend sth.to sb.如：
Lily lent me her book.== Lily lent her book to me.莉莉把她的书借给了我。22.such as 例如
23.I'm sorry to do sth.对做某事我觉得很抱歉、伤心。24.in a way 在某种程度说
25.in order to do 为了做…
表目的 如： He got up early in order to catch the first bus.他起早床，是为了赶上头班公共汽车。26.等级/同级比较：as…as，not as/so…as ①as + 形容词/ 副词原级 + as 表示“和…一样的…”“…和…一样的…”
如： He works as hard as we.他工作和我们同样努力。
②否定式：not as + 形容词/ 副词原级 + as == not so + 形容词/ 副词原级 + as
He doesn't work as / so hard as we.他工作没有我们那样努力。27.hand in 上交
新目标九年级英语语法总结 Unit12 1.be supposed to do.应该 如：
We are supposed to stop smoking.我们应该停止吸烟。
知识拓展 表示应该的词有：should, ought to ,be supposed to 2.shake hands 握手
shake 本意是“摇动、震动” 3.You should have asked what you were supposed to wear.你本应该问清楚怎么样穿才得体。中的“should have asked”是 “情态动词＋现在完成时”表示过去本应该做某事，事实上没有做
如：She should have gone to Beijing.她本应该去了北京。（没有去）4.be relaxed about sth.对某事随意、不严格 如：
They are relaxed about the time.他们对时间很随意。
5.pretty adv.相当,很＝very She is pretty friendly.她相当友好。
adj.美丽的 She is a pretty girl.她是一个美丽的女孩。6.make plans to do == plan to do.打算做某事 如： She has made plans to go to Beijing.==She has planed to go to Beijing.7.drop by 访问 看望 拜访 串门
We just dropped by our friends' homes.我们刚刚去朋友家串门。8.on time 按时
9.after all 毕竟 终究 如：You see I was right after all.你看，毕竟还是我对了。
10.invite sb.to do sth.邀请某人做某事 如： Lily invited me to have dinner.莉莉请我吃晚饭。11.without 没有
12.around the world == all over the world 全世界
13.pick up 捡起 挑选 如：He picked up his hat.他捡起他的帽子。14.start doing == start to do 开始做某事 如
He started reading.== He started to read.他开始读。15.point at 指向
16.stick v.剌 截
n.棒，棍
chopstick 筷子 是由chop(砍)＋stick(棒)合成，通常用复数形式：chopsticks 17.go out of one's way to do 特意，专门做某事 如：
He went out of his way to make me happy.他特意使我高兴。18.make mistakes 犯错误（复数）make a mistake 犯错误（一个）19.be different from 与…不同
如：
Chinese food is different from theirs.中国菜与他们的不同.20.get/be used to sth.习惯于… get/be used to doing习惯于…
be used to do
被用于做…
be used for doing 被用于做…
used to do 过去常常做… 如：
I wash clothes everyday.But I'm used to it.我每天都洗衣服，但我习惯了 I am used to washing clothes.我习惯于洗衣服了。
The knives are used to cut things.小刀被用来切东西。
The knives are used for cutting things.小刀被用来切东西。
She used to watch TV after school.她过去放学后常常看电视。21.我发现要记住每一样事是困难的。
常见的形式宾语有：
find / think + it/them +形容词 to do sth.如：
I think it hard to study English.22.cut up 切开 切碎 如：Let's cut up the water melon.让我们切开这个西瓜吧。23.make a toast 敬酒
24.crowd v.挤满
其形容词和过去式及过去分词都是：crowded 25.set n.一套
v.设置
26.can't stop doing 忍不住做某事 I can't stop laughing.我忍不住笑 27.make faces 做鬼脸
28.face to face 面对面
29.learn…by oneself 自学 如：
I learn English by my self.我自学英语。
教案
课目：新目标九年级Unit12 You are supposed to shake hands
section A 3a,3b ＆4 on page 96
授课对象：初中三年级学生
授课重点：本单元重点句式：You are supposed to do something.在掌握3a内容的基础上完成3b中的活动；最后以作业的形式引导学生将课内外的知识紧密结合，将课本知识运用到生活交际中。
教具：课本、纸质同步练习
时间：20分钟
教学设计：
一、内容：复习本单元重点句式：You are supposed to do something.形式：翻译练习（将本句式与本单元所学新单词紧密结合进行练习）
教具：纸质练习题
用时：3分钟
二、内容：进入3a部分的学习预计用时12分钟
形式：
1、快速阅读 并将文中出现的连词划出来预计用时:2分钟
2、进行判断练习，纸质练习题预计用时1分钟
3、齐读课文，填表（课本P96），划出文中答句 用时:3分钟
4、将划线句子逐个进行同义句转换
板书 举例;If you tell a friend you are …a bit late.→When you tell a friend …,you are supposed to…
校对后齐读巩固预计用时4分钟
5、板书讲解对文中其他重点短语预计用时2分钟
①we’re pretty relaxed about time
②Spending time with family and friends is very important to us.③drop by our friends’ homes.④ make plans to meet our friends.⑤walk around the town center,⑥seeing as many of our friends as we can！
三、内容：3b pair work
形式：填空练习，校对，齐读
教具:纸质练习
用时：3分钟
四、内容：part4,page96
形式：布置作业；结合生活情境填表，然后将各个句子改成You are supposed to
do something.的形式。
用时：1分钟
教学反思：
九年级英语Unit12
1.be supposed to do.应该 如：We are supposed to stop smoking.我们应该停止吸烟。
知识拓展 表示应该的词有：should, ought to ,be supposed to
2.shake hands 握手shake 本意是“摇动、震动” 你本应该问清楚怎么样穿才得体。
中的“should have asked”是“情态动词＋现在完成时”表示过去本应该做某事，事实上没有做
如：She should have gone to Beijing.她本应该去了北京。（没有去）
4.be relaxed about sth.对某事随意、不严格 如：They are relaxed about the time.他们对时间很随意。
5.prettyadv.相当,很＝very She is pretty friendly.她相当友好。
adj.美丽的She is a pretty girl.她是一个美丽的女孩。
6.make plans to do == plan to do.打算做某事 如：
She has made plans to go to Beijing.==She has planed to go to Beijing.7.drop by 访问 看望 拜访 串门We just dropped by our friends’ homes.我们刚刚去朋友家串门。
8.on time 按时
9.after all 毕竟 终究 如：You see I was right after all.你看，毕竟还是我对了。
10.invite sb.to do sth.邀请某人做某事 如：Lily invited me to have dinner.莉莉请我吃晚饭。
11.without 没有
12.around the world == all over the world 全世界
13.pick up 捡起 挑选 如：He picked up his hat.他捡起他的帽子。
14.start doing == start to do 开始做某事 如He started reading.== He started to read.他开始读。
15.point at 指向
16.stick v.剌 截n.棒，棍
chopstick 筷子 是由chop(砍)＋stick(棒)合成，通常用复数形式：chopsticks
17.go out of one’s way to do 特意，专门做某事 如：
He went out of his way to make me happy.他特意使我高兴。
18.make mistakes 犯错误（复数）make a mistake 犯错误（一个）
19.be different from 与„不同如：Chinese food is different from theirs.中国菜与他们的不同.20.get/be used to sth.习惯于„
get/be used to doing习惯于„be used to do被用于做„ be used for doing 被用于做„used to do 过去常常做„
如：I wash clothes everyday.But I’m used to it.我每天都洗衣服，但我习惯了
I am used to washing clothes.我习惯于洗衣服了。The knives are used to cut things.小刀被用来切东西。The knives are used for cutting things.小刀被用来切东西。
She used to watch TV after school.她过去放学后常常看电视。
21.我发现要记住每一样事是困难的。形式宾语真正宾语
常见的形式宾语有：find / think + it/them +形容词 to do sth.如：
I think it hard to study English.22.cut up 切开 切碎 如：Let’s cut up the water melon.让我们切开这个西瓜吧。
23.make a toast 敬酒
24.crowdv.挤满其形容词和过去式及过去分词都是：crowded
25.set n.一套v.设置
26.can’t stop doing 忍不住做某事 I can’t stop laughing.我忍不住笑
27.make faces 做鬼脸28.face to face 面对面
29.learn„by oneself 自学 如：I learn English by my self.我自学英语。
教学目标
教学目标与要点
1．掌握本单元的词汇和部分短语的用法。如：so far，send up，make up，put off，etc.2．能正确表达两地距离，根据列车里程表进行分析。
3．能熟练谈论“购物、选择电视节目、物品的产地和用途”等话题，掌握相关的日常用语。
4．学习构词法：n + n → n；n + ing／-en → adj；v + er/ or →n；如：fire + place = fireplace，interestprinter
5．认真学习课文"The Universe and Manmade satellite”.Watch the video about satellite and speak out what a satellite is.After watching, let the students discuss the questions for a while.Get them to give the explanations in English.For instance: A satellite goes round the earth.The moon is a satellite of the earth.There are many man-made satellites in the space too.Then explain that man-made is an adjective meaning made by people.“Man” in this text means “the human race”.IV.Reading
Get the students to look at the questions below:
What do we mean when we talk about the universe?
Why can’t many stars be seen?
How far is the moon away from the earth?
Has the moon been visited by man already?
Have any man-made machines travelled farther than the moon? What are they?
What do you know about the universe?
Why do we say the world itself is becoming smaller and smaller?
Read the passage carefully and discuss the answers in pairs.Finally check the answers with the whole class.Give the students some more background information about spaceships without people: Some spaceships have been sent to visit different planets, such as Mars, Venus and Jupiter.Ask the students to write down the answers in the exercise books.The suggested answer to the last question is: With the help of the man-made satellites, it is easy for different countries to send and receive messages.We can also use satellites to help us make telephone calls to foreign countries.V.Practice
Play Speech Cassette or video for the students to listen or watch.For the second time, let the students repeat after it, at last, the students can read the passage at the same time while playing the sounds.Give the students some free time to practice reading aloud.Then ask some of them to read in class.Check their reading.Explain:
so far: We have learned 2024 words so far.With one’s help: With the teachers help, he caught up with the other students.Knowledge: Our knowledge of the USA is not so good.Thanks to: Thanks to Tom’s help, we finished the work on time.VI.Do Exercise below:
The universe means the earth, the sun, the moon and the stars, and the space ______ them.Many of the stars are so ______ away that we ______ see them.The moon, our ______, travelled ______ the earth.It has been visited _____ man in spaceships.Man-made ______ have been sent up ______ space by many countries.They go ______ the earth.They are used for helping us to learn more ______ the earth, the weather and other things.They are also used for sending and ______ messages.It makes people ______ different countries understand each other better.So people say the world itself is becoming a much ______ place.People call the small place “the global village”.The answers: between, far, can not, satellite, round, by, satellites, into, round, about, receiving, from, smaller VII.Consolidation
Read the passage again, ask the students to find sentences what replace those in text.1)Text —Many of the stars cannot be seen because they are too far away.Exercise —Many of the stars are so far away that we cannot see them.2)Text —The moon travels round the earth.It is our satellite.Exercise —The moon, our satellite, travels round the earth.VIII.Homework
1.Fill in the blanks。
Man-made s ________ have been s ________ up into space by many countries.They can be used for sending and r ________ messages.For example, w ________ their help, China can send its TV and radio p ________ to the other side of the w ________.We can also use them to help us m ________ telephone, calls to f ________ countries.T ________ to them, the world itself is becoming a much s ________ place and people from different countries.Now u ________ each other better.2.Let the students retell the text.3.Make six sentences using the Present Perfect Tense.Lesson 47 Period: The Third Period Content: Lesson 47 Properties: Recorder;Overhead Projector.Teaching Objectives: Revise the distance and dialogues.Language Focus: the modal verbs, numbers.Teaching Procedures:
I.Showing the teaching aims II.Revision
Revise the text and ask some students to read their retellings in class.Then practise the Present-Perfect Tense.III.Leading in
Get the students to look at the Exercise)How many kilometres by train is it from… to…?
2)How far away is…from…?
3)What about …?
Tell the students to read the model question.Let them understand this exercise, then get the students to ask and answer in pairs.Finally check the answers with the whole class.IV.Practice
Part 2.Let the students look at the diagram, It tells us the distance between cities.Let’s look at the model first.A: How many kilometres by train is it from Nanjing to Wuhan?
B: 1229.(One thousand two hundred and twenty nine)
A: How many kilometres is it from Kunming to Shanghai?
B: 2677.How many....?
Ask the whole class some questions about the distance.Make sure the students can say numbers correctly.Then pide them into small groups to make up questions.At last, report their work in class.V.Acting
Let the students read Part 3 silently.Ask them to practise in pairs.Pay attention to the modal verbs.VI.Workbook
For Exercise 1, ask and answer in pairs.For Exercise 3.Get the students to read over the sentences and fill in the blanks.The answers are: was...repaired, began, make, was told, got, decided, received, found, would be repaired Exercises in class
Change the following sentences into Passive Voice
1.Bruce writes a letter to his parents every week.2.Lilei mended the broken kite this morning.3.1 must buy a Christmas present for Mr Green.4.Li Ming can't finish the homework on time.5.We should water the flowers twice a day.VI.Homework
Finish off the exercises in the workbook.Lesson 48
Period: The Fourth Period Content: Lesson 48 Properties: Recorder;Overhead Projector.Teaching Objectives:
1.Learn how to build words.2.Practise listening.Language Focus:
1.Word formation
2.the Passive Voice Teaching Procedures:
I.Showing the teaching aims II.Revision
Go through some pairs to act out their dialogues written in the exercise books.III.Listen
Ask the students to read through the questions of Exercise I in the workbook, ask them to guess the answers before listening.Then listen carefully, check the answers with each other.Listen again and repeat.Answers: 1.B 2.A 3.B 4.C 5.B 6.C 7.C IV.Word building
Explain that in English, we can make new words by combining two words together for example:
Class + room = classroom, home + work = homework, police + man = policeman
Let the students think of other examples they have learnt.Then look at Exercise 2 in the wordbook, read through the list.Make sure the students can understand the meaning of the words.Pay attention, in American English “woolen” and “traveler” are spelt as “woolen” and “traveled”
V.Practice
Part 2.Divide the students into two groups to practise.Point out that “Which do you think is more interesting? = Which programme(of the two)is more interesting?” And the use of shall to express a decision in I think I shall read a book instead.Get the students to practise all the dialogues.Make up as many as they can.Then act it out in class.VI.Acting
Let the students read proverbs Exercise 4.Make the students understand the Chinese meaning.Ask them to practise them after class.VII.Practice
Get the students to look at the Exercise 5 in the workbook and have a discussion.Ask: What activities do you do every day? What activities do you like most? What activities do you like least? Then ask the students to practise in pairs.VIII.Writing
Ask the students to look at the pictures, let them really understand the meaning of each picture.Collect some ideas and information.Share with the students.Then try to make up a short story and write it down.After finishing writing, ask the students to check their partner's work, then ask them to hand in their writings for marking.IX.Workbook
Do Exercise 3, ask the students to find compound words.For Exercise 6, do it with the whole class.The answers are:
1.put up 2.put...away 3.put on 4.put...down
5.Put up 6.Put...on 7.put down Exercises in class Rewrite the following sentences in another way.1.I don't like watching TV, she doesn’t like it, either.________ I ________ she _________ watching TV.2.We should deal with the problem more carefully.The problem ________ ________ ________ with more carefully _______ ________.3.The buses were made in the factory.They ________ the buses in the factory.4.Talking in class is wrong.It _________ right _________ _________in class.Answers: 1.Neither…nor, likes 2.should be dealed, by us 3.made 4.isn’t, to talk X.Homework
1.Prepare for the exam.2.Finish off the exercises in the workbook.
2024九年级
Unit 12 Life is full of the unexpected.Section A 1(1a-2d)重点短语
by the time„ 在„„以前 give„a lift 捎„„一程 in line with（与„„）成一排 show up 出现，露面 by the end of 到„„末为止 April Fool’s Day 愚人节 costume party 化装舞会 sell out 卖光 get dressed 穿好衣服
play tricks on sb.play jokes on sb.和某人开玩笑 lose weight 减肥
end up doing 以做 „„而告终 invite sb onto the show 邀请某人上节目 have a happy ending 有一个快乐的结局 rather than / instead of 而不是 on the radio program 在广播节目中 on the earth 在地球上，在世界上 thousands of 成千上万的 run out of 用光 run away from 从„„逃跑
重点句子：
Life is full of the unexpected.I was about to go up when I decided to get a coffee first.As I was waiting in line with other office workers, I heard a loud sound.Before I cold join the others outside to see what was going on, the first
2024九年级
plane had already hit my office building.知识点详解：
1.Life is full of the unexpected.unexpected adj.出乎意料的；始料不及的
e.g.It will not be unexpected if Tom comes late again, because he is always like this.2.By the time I got up, my brother had already gotten in the shower.by the time 在„„以前,常引导表示过去的时间状语从句，主句常用过去完成时，即had+动词过去分词
e.g.By the time I got there, he had already left.在我到那儿之前，他已经离开了。
3.So I just quickly put on some clothes and rushed out the door.rush out 冲出去, 冲出„„
e.g.Henry rushed out the room and disappeared in the rain.亨利冲出房间, 消失在了雨中。如果汤姆又迟到了，一点也不意外，因为他一向如此。
Julia rushed out and didn’t return.朱丽叶冲了出去, 再没回来。
4.Luckily, Carl’s dad saw me on the street and gave me a lift in his car.gave „a lift 捎„„一程，让......搭便车
e.g.Could you give me a lift, please? 请问你能否捎我一程？ Jim gave me a lift on my way home yesterday.吉姆昨天在回家的路上捎了我一程。
Section A 2(3a-3c)
2024九年级
5.I was about to go up when I decided to get a coffee first.be about to 忙于；即将做某事。侧重于表示动作马上就要发生，常与when引导的从句连用，但不与具体的时间状语连用。
e.g.One of my friends is about to have her second baby.我的一个朋友马上就要生第二个小孩了。
6.I went to my favorite coffee place even though it was two blocks east from my office.even though 即使，虽然，尽管，用于引导让步状语从句。
block n.街区
e.g.He’s the best teacher, even though he has the least experience.他虽然经验最少，却是最好的老师。
7.We stared in disbelief at the black smoke rising above the burning building.stare v.盯着看，凝视
表示看得比较仔细，有时候也带有吃惊的意味去看，常与at, into连用。e.g.Don’t stare at me like that.别那样盯着我看。in disbelief 不相信，疑惑，怀疑
e.g.Tamara stared at him in disbelief, shaking her head.塔玛拉一边狐疑地盯着他看，一边摇着头。
She looked at him in disbelief.她全然不信地看着他。above prep.1)（表示位置）在„正上方；高于”（与 below相对）。e.g.That big high-rise above us is where Brian lives.我们上面的那座摩天大楼就是布赖恩住的地方。
He lifted his hands above his head.他将双手举过头顶。
2)表示在地位、级别、能力、资历、重要性等方面“超过”、“在„„之上”、“比„„强”。
2024九年级
e.g.He is above the others in ability.他的能力优于其他人。He is above me in every way.他各个方面都比我强。3)adv.在上面
e.g.There are snowy peaks above.上面是白雪皑皑的群峰。See the examples given above.见上述例子。burn v.着火，燃烧
(burnt, burnt / burned, burned)burning adj.着火的；燃烧的
e.g.Ouch!The sand is so hot!I can burn my feet.哎哟！沙子这么烫！会烫伤脚的。He was trapped in a burning house.他被困在正在燃烧的房屋里。
8.I felt lucky to be alive.alive 一般作表语；也可以作后置定语或宾补。“活(着)的；在世的；(继续)存在的”；反义词是dead。
e.g.Do you know she’s alive? 你知道她还活着吗？
People alive should try their best to live better.(后置定语)活下来的人应该尽力生活得更好。Tom was kept alive in the big fire.(宾补)汤姆在这次大火中活下来了。易混辨析 alive, living, lively alive “活着的”，在句中常作表语或定语。作表语时，常可与 living互换；作定语时，常要放在被修饰词之后。living“活着的”，在句中用作表语或定语。lively“活泼的”，在句中可作表语或定语。
9.But by the time I got to the airport, my plane to New Zealand had already taken off.2024九年级
airport n.机场
take off 脱掉； 起飞
e.g.He took off his hat and bowed as he passed.他经过时脱帽鞠躬。We eventually took off at 11 o’clock and arrived in Venice at 1:30.我们终于在11点起飞，1:30 到达威尼斯。
课堂练习：
1.我在动物园里见过活鳄鱼。
I have seen a _____ crocodile in the zoo.2.他是那场火灾中唯一活下来的人。
He is the only person ____ in the fire.3.露西是个活泼的孩子，大家都喜欢她。
Lucy is a _____ child and everyone likes her.4.The boy ____________________(正要开始)but someone spoke first.5.Hurry up.The train ______________(马上就要开了).Keys: living, alive, lively, was just about to begin, is about to start
单元语法：
掌握过去完成时时态，结构及用法。
2.过去完成时用法：
(1)构成：由“助动词had(用于各种人称和数)+ 过去分词”构成否定式：had not + 过去分词
缩写形式：hadn’t(2)用法：过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作。
(3)它所表示动作发生的时间是“过去的过去”。
① 表示过去某一时间可用by, before 等构成的短语来表示。
2024九年级
② 也可以用when, before 等引导的时间状语从句来表示。③ 还可以通过状语从句或通过上下文暗示。例如：
When I got there, you had already eaten your meal.当我到达那里时，你已经开始吃了。
By the time he got here, the bus had left.在他到达那里之前，汽车已经离开了。
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