【重点词汇、短语】
1. bring up 抚养
2. scene 现场，景色
3. permit 许可，通行证
4. go ahead 前进
5. by accident 偶然
6. stare 凝视，盯着看
7. stare at 盯着看
8. spot 发现，认出，斑点，污点
9. account 说明，总计有，账目，
10. account for 导致，做出解释
11. seek 探索，寻求
12. contrary 反面，对立面
13. on the contrary 与此相反
14. take a chance 冒险
15. in rags 衣衫褴褛
16. indeed 真正地
17. as for 关于，至于
【重点句型】
1. Have you ever made a bet with your friends?
你曾和你的朋友们打过赌吗？
2. Did he help you by accident or on purose?
他是碰巧还是有意帮你？
3. I wonder, Mr Smith, if/whether you’d mind usmoving your flowers outdoors.
史密斯先生，我不知道你是否介意我们把你的花移到室外去。
4. You’re about to hear the most incredibletale.
你们马上就要听到一个最难以置信的故事。
5. Permit me to say a few words.
请允许我说几句话。
6. After the rain, we went ahead with our work.
雨停之后，我们继续工作。
7. And it was the ship that brought you toEngland.
正是那艘船把你带到了英国。
8. I earned my passage by working as an unpaidhand, which accounted for my appearance.
我是作为一个不拿工资的帮手赚来我的船费，这就是我为什么会衣冠不整的原因了。
9. Dick found himself walking in the directionof the church.
迪克发现自己不知不觉朝教堂方向走去。
10. Even if/though he is very nice, I don’t trusthim.
即使他很好，我也不太相信他。
【语法总结】
名词性从句
在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句 (Noun Clauses）。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语xxx能，名词性从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
一. 名词性从句的连接词
引导名词性从句的连接词可分为四类：
1. that（无含义，不充当成分）
2. whether, if（有“是否”的含义，但不充当成分）
3. 连接代词：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whomever,whose, which,whichever.
（在从句中做主语、宾语、表语和定语）
连接副词：when, whenever,where,wherever, how, however,why（在从句中做状语）
4. as if,as though,because（不充当成分，在名词性从句中只引导表语从句）
二. 四类名词性从句语法要点
1.主语从句
在整个句子中用作主语的从句叫主语从句。
Whathe wants to tell us is not clear.
他要跟我们说什么，还不清楚。
Itis known to us how he became a writer.
我们都知道他是如何成为一名作家的。
Wherethe English evening will be held has not yet been announced.
英语晚会将在哪里举行，还没有宣布。
it 作形式主语：有时为避免句子头重脚轻，常用形式主语 it 代替主语从句作形式主语放于句首，而把主语从句置于句末。
Itis clear that he is innocent in the accident.
很明显，他在这场事故中是无辜的。
2. 宾语从句
在整个句子中用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。
Hehas told me that he will go to Shanghai tomorrow.
他已经告诉我他明天要去上海。
Wemust never think (that) we are good in everything while others are good innothing. 我们决不能认为自己什么都好，别人什么都不好。
it 作形式宾语：在“主语+谓语+宾语+宾补”的句型中，如果宾语是从句的形式，则必须用 it 做形式宾语，把真正的宾语即宾语从句置于句末。
Wefound it impossible that the so much work will be finidhed in one day.
我们发现一天之内完成这项工作不可能。
3. 表语从句
在整个句子中用作表语的从句叫表语从句。
Thefact is that we have lost the game.
事实是我们已经输了这场比赛。
Thatis why he didn’t come to the meeting.
那就是他为什么不到会的原因。
Itlooks as if it is going to rain.
看上去天要下雨了。
Thisis because he has been working hard these days.
这是因为这些天他一直工作很努力。
注意：because，as if 和 asthough 在名词性从句中只能引导表语从句。
4. 同位语从句
在整个句子中用作同位语的从句叫同位语从句。
同位语的含义：在句子中，如果有两个名词，并且后一个名词是对前一个名词的解释说明，它们两个指的是同一个人或同一个物，那么，后面的名词就叫前面名词的同位语。
例如：This is my friend, Lily.（Lily 是 my friend 的同位语。）
可用于同位语从句的名词有 advice、demand、doubt、fact、hope、idea、information、message、news、order、problem、promise、question、request、suggestion、truth、wish、word 等抽象名词。
The news that we won the game is exciting.
我们赢得这场比赛的消息令人激动。
I have no idea when he will come back home.
我不知道他什么时候回来。
The thought came to him that Mary had probably fallen ill. 他想到可能玛丽生病了。
同位语从句和定语从句的区别：
that作为关系代词，可以引导定语从句，充当句子成分，在从句中作宾语时可以省略；that 引导同位语从句时，起连词的作用，没有实际意义，不充当句子成分，一般不能省略。
试比较下面两个例句:
I had no idea that you were here．
我不知道你在这里。
（that 无含义，that you were here 指的就是 idea，所以是同位语从句，不能省略 that）
Haveyou got the idea（that）this book gives you？
这本书给了你想法吗？
（that 指的是 the idea，that引导定语从句，作宾语，可以省略）
三. 连接词 that 在名词性从句中可以省略的三种情况
做形式主语，that引导主语从句时
It is said (that) he has been studying abroad.
据说他一直在国外学习。
2.动词宾语从句中
I think(that) you have much to improve in English.
我认为你的英语需要提高的有很多。
3.形容词宾语从句中
I am afraid (that) I will be late.
恐怕我要迟到了。
When I got settled, the total use of the microwave to do their own things to eat. One day, my father saw me, I am afraid to say that I grew up as a cook. I immediately shaken like a rattle-drum head, you said : “That is not my ideal. When I grow up I want to IT (information technology) industries. ”Yes, I bought a computer five years ago after his father, I am familiar with it day by day. Until last year, and I have formed a deep bond with it. From then on, I want success in the information technology industry to make contributions to the cause of national computer. But my father said I could only do in the field “testing the game,” is what the new game, and always let me play with, the report there will be any games. I think what he said is not their fault, I always play games recently, those who do not have a veteran like Flash. In recent days, I sprouted out of a bad idea : I will be playing the game that the network server to the black. My account will revise the highest level. However, I Xiangliaoyouxiang, this is wrong, but was caught by the police network is not good. When hackers but also need high computer skills. As a member of the IT industry is my ideal, I would like to advance this goal, to improve their computer skills
必修三高一英语作文
Since we went to school, we have to learn English. English has always been one of the main subjects for most students to learn English. In order to get high marks in the examination, they do not pay attention to oral English.
It is not good for students to the language. Oral English test is very necessary. The language we learn is to use it in school.
Most students only use this subject Classes serve as the gateway to the University. We can always find that the students who are good at high marks in English test are not good at oral English, and students can't even have a normal conversation. It is necessary to change oral English if they pass the examination.
Students will try to improve their oral English ability, and they will have the motivation to do it. Although this is a compulsory course, it is really good for students. English test should combine the test with oral English, so that students can the language better and make it practical.
中文翻译：
自从我们上学以来，我们就要学习英语，英语一直是大多数学生学习英语的主要科目之一，为了在纸上考试中取得高分，所以他们不注意英语口语对学生掌握语言是不好的，英语口语测试是非常必要的，我们所学的语言是为了在学校里使用它，大多数学生只把这门课当作进入大学的大门。我们总是可以发现，擅长英语考试高分的学生不擅长英语口语，学生甚至不能进行正常的对话有多糟糕，这种情况如果考上了就必须改变英语口语是必要的，学生会努力提高自己的英语口语能力，他们会有动力去做，虽然这是必修课，但对学生确实是有好处的。英语测试应该把试卷和口语结合起来，这样学生就可以更好地掌握语言并使其实用。
Why we want to learn English is familiar to most people, because almost every student has to learn English. This is a compulsory course in most schools. Why do we have to learn English first? English is a world language.
Almost every country uses it, including China. If we want to get a good position in China, we need to learn English. In addition, with the development of China, learning English can provide us with more employment opportunities.
We have more opportunities to work with or for foreigners. More importantly, learning English helps to build our confidence. The more knowledge we know, the more confident we are.
中文翻译：
为什么我们要学英语英语是大多数人都熟悉的，因为几乎每个学生都要学英语这是大多数学校的必修课为什么我们必须首先学习英语，英语是一门世界性的语言几乎每个都在使用它，包括中国，如果我们想在中国取得好的地位，我们需要学英语。另外，随着中国的发展，学习英语可以给我们提供更多的就业机会，我们有更多的机会与外国人一起工作或为外国人工作。更重要的是，学习英语有助于建立我们的信心。
我们知道的知识越多，我们就越有信心。
Everyone hopes to be in good health. But how? Here are some ways to keep healthy.
First, you need a healthy diet. It is better to eat fresh fruit and vegetables because they have a lot of fibre and vitamins. Don’t eat the food which contains too much sugar and fat, like butter, cheese, coffee and chocolate. Fat and sugar make people put on weight easily.
Second, good living habits are very important. You should do regular exercise to build up your body. Besides, enough rest is necessary for your health. You need 8 hours’ sleep a night and don’t work too hard. Smoking is a bad habit, so never smoke.
In a word, healthy food and good living habits are good ways to keep healthy.
When someone asks me: What is your Chinese dream? I will answer it without any hesitation: to be a good doctor.
The reason why I want to be a doctor is that I want to save people’s lives as possible as I can. When I was young, I had a terrible car accident. Thanks to the doctors, they brought me back to life. From then on, to be a good doctor has always been an inspiration to me. I will study hard to make sure that my dream will come true in the future.
In China, most people believe that boys should be raised in the poor way while the girls should be in the rich way. The poor way means to let the kids do things by their own and their parents won’t be satisfied them all the time. So the rich way means to take care of the kids carefully and pay attention to them. No matter which way the parents carry on, I think it is not the suitable way to raise a kid.
Whether the kid is a boy or a girl, they need to be nursed both in the rich and poor ways. It is the parents’ duty to take care of their kids, so they should be patient and kind. But when the children make mistakes, parents should not spoiled them. Kids must be educated and corrected their wrong action. Only in this way the kids can be taught well.
If you want to ask me why we want to learn English, my answer is and clear English has become an international language. If you know English, you can travel around the world without being misunderstood. Most valuable books, newss and magazines are written in English.
If you want to acquire knowledge, you must learn English. English is familiar to most people because almost everyone is familiar with it Students in schools should learn English. This is a compulsory course in most schools.
Why do we have to learn English first? English is a world language. Almost every country uses it, including China. If we want to get a good position in China, we need to learn English.
In addition, with the development of China, learning English can provide us with more employment opportunities. We have more opportunities to work with or for foreigners. More importantly, learning English helps to build our confidence.
The more knowledge we know, the more confident we are.
中文翻译：
如果你想问我为什么我们要学英语，我的答案是简单明了的英语已经成为一种国际语言如果你懂英语，你可以环游世界而不被误解大多数有价值的书籍、报纸和杂志都是用英语写的如果你想（希望）获得知识，你一定要学英语英语大多数人都很熟悉，因为几乎每个学校的学生都要学英语这是大多数学校的必修课为什么我们必须首先学习英语，英语是一门世界性的语言几乎每个都在使用它，包括中国，如果我们想在中国取得好的地位，我们需要学英语。另外，随着中国的发展，学习英语可以给我们提供更多的就业机会，我们有更多的机会与外国人一起工作或为外国人工作。更重要的是，学习英语有助于建立我们的信心。
我们知道的知识越多，我们就越有信心。
标签：
My dream is to study abroad in the future. I am always that kind of life can come true soon. But, before I realize my dream, I have to do some preparation. I think the most important thing I need to do first is to adapt the life there. It is said that there is a big difference between the eastern and western culture. If I know nothing, it is easy for me to have culture conflict. It will put me into an embarrass place. For example, dragon is the leader for all animals and it has holy good meaning in china. But it means violence in the western country. I need to learn as much the cultural conflicts as possible to make my oversea life become easier.
Some people think that students should take classes, but others think that college students can choose to take classes. I think everything has two sides, but they complement each other. For example, some theoretical knowledge and compulsory courses.
We should listen to the teacher in class so that we can understand them more clearly. At the same time, for example, some elective courses, we can choose one subject we are interested in Words, nothing is absolute.
中文翻译：
有人认为学生应该上课，但有人认为大学生可以选择上课，我认为任何事情都有两面性，但它们是相辅相成的，比如一些理论知识和必修课我们应该上课听老师讲课，这样我们就可以更清楚地理解它们，同时，比如一些选修课，我们可以选择我们感兴趣的科目一个字，没有什么是绝对的。
People travel by plane, by train, by ship, by bus. To me, the best way of traveling on a summer vacation is to go on foot.
My preference depends on the purpose of the travel. On a summer vacation I travel to refresh myself and to see the countryside. When I use my feet and walk on a grass covered path along a river or among the hills I feel detached from the noise of the city and closer to the nature. And when I travel on foot I get more freedom. I can plan my own schedule. I can choose my own route. I can stop where I like. And I can see things and people that I might miss if I travel on a train or on a bus. net
When faster and more convenient ways for travel are becoming available, I still favor using my own feet. I get much pleasure from it. People travel by plane, by train, by ship, by bus. To me, the best way of traveling on a summer vacation is to go on foot.
Friends can be classified into two kinds, good friends and evil friends. Evil friends lead us astray and may destroy our life, while good ones drive us towards the right and make our life successful.
Two of them exist in our daily life. However, ideal friends exist in people's mind. They should be diligent, successful and loyal. When you need help, they will stand beside you and be delighted to give you a hand. Also you can share your happiness and sorrow together.
In my opinion, friends can share something but they also should keep their own secrets. So I wish my friends wouldn't interfere in my privacy too much. On the other hand, my friends should have Something in common with me, at the same time something special. In this way we can attract each other and learn from each other.
Let me say something about the picture.
【重点词汇、短语】
1. take place 发生
2. religious 宗教的
3. in memory of 纪念
4. belief 信任，信心，信仰
5. dress up 盛装，打扮
6. trick 诡计，窍门
7. play a trick on 搞恶作剧，诈骗
8. gain 获得
9. gather 搜集，集合
10. award 奖品，授予
11. admire 赞美，钦佩
12. look forward to 期望，盼望
13. day and night 日夜
14. as though 好像
15. have fun with 玩的开心
16. permission 许可，允许
17. turn up 出现，到场
18. keep one’s word 守信用
19. hold one’s breath 屏息
20. apologize 道歉
21. obvious 显然的
22. set off 出发，动身，使爆炸
【重点句型】
1. Please make sure when and where the accidenttook place.
请查清楚事故是何时何地发生的。
2. Some festival are held to honour the dead,or satisfy and please the ancestors, who could return either to help or to doharm.
还有一些节日，是为了纪念死者、满足或取悦祖先，因为（祖先们）有可能回到世上帮助他们，也有可能带来危害。
3. In Japan the festival is called Obon，when people should goto clean the graves and light incense in memory of their ancestors.（非限制性定语从句）
在日本，这个节叫孟兰盆节，在这个节日里，人们要上坟、扫墓、烧香，以缅怀祖先。
4. They dress up and try to frighten people.
他们乔装打扮去吓唬别人。
5. If they are not given anything, the childrenmight play a trick.
如果你什么也不打发给孩子，他们可能会捉弄别人。
6. In India there is a national festival onOctober 2 to honour Mahatma Gandhi, the leader
whohelped gain India's independence from Britain.
在印度，10 月 2 日是纪念马哈特马.甘地的全国性节日，他是帮助印度脱离英国而独立的领袖。
7. The most energetic and important festivalsare the ones that look forward to the end of winter and to the coming ofspring.
最富生气而又最重要的节日，就是告别冬天、迎来春天的日子。
8. The country is covered with cherry treeflowers so that it looks as though it might be covered with pink snow.
整个国度处处都是樱花盛开，看上去就像罩上了一层粉红色的雪。
【语法总结】
情态动词
定义：情态动词是一种本身有一定的词义、但要与动词原形及其被动语态一起使用，给谓语动词增添情态色彩，表示说话人对有关行为或事物的态度和看法，认为其可能、应该或必要等。
情态动词数量不多，主要有下列：
can(could), may (might), must, need, ought to, dare (dared), shall (should), will(would),have (to) ,had better.
一. can 和 could 的用法
1. 表示能力或客观可能性，还可以表示请求和允许。
注意：①could 也可表示请求，语气委婉，主要用于疑问句，不可用于肯定句，答语应用 can。
②can 表示能力时，还可用 be able to 代替。
2. 表示惊异、怀疑、不相信的态度。（主要用在否定句、疑问句或惊叹句中）
3. “can(could) + have + 过去分词”的疑问或否定形式表示对过去发生的行为怀疑或不肯定。
4. 用在疑问句及否定句中，表示惊讶，不相信等。
5. cannot…too...表示“无论怎样……也不过分”
二. may 和 might 的用法
1. 表示许可。
表示请求、允许时，might 比 may 的语气更委婉一些，否定回答时(口语中常用) no , you can’t . or , yes, please 用 mustn’t 表示“不可以”、“禁止”、“阻止”之意(具有强烈禁止的意思)。
用 May I…征询对方许可在文体上比较正式，在口气上比较客气。在日常口语中，用 CanI ... 征询对方意见在现代口语中更为常见。
2. 用于祈使句中表示祝愿。
3. 表示推测、可能（疑问句不能用于此意）。
4. “may(might) + have + 过去分词”表示对过去发生的行为的推测。
三. must 和 have to 的用法
1. 表示必须、必要。（must 表示主观多一些而 have to 则表示客观多一些）
回答 must 引出的问句时，如果是否定的回答，不能用 mustn’t，而要用 needn’t 或 don’t have to。
2.“must be + 表语”的结构表示推测，它的否定或疑问式用 can 代替 must。
3. “must + have + 过去分词”的结构常用在肯定句中，表示对过去发生的行为的推测。它的否定或疑问式用 can 代替 must。
4. have to 的含义与 must 相似，两者往往可以互换使用，但 have to 有各种形式，随 have 的变化而定。
注意：have to 也可拼做 have got to。
四. dare 和 need 的用法
1. need 表示“需要”，作情态动词时，仅用于否定句或疑问句中，在肯定句中一般用 must, have to, ought to,或 should 代替。
注意：needn't + 不定式的完成式“表示本来不必做某事而实际上做了某事”
2. dare 作情态动词时，主要用于疑问句、否定句和条件状语从句中，一般不用在肯定句中。
3. dare 和 need 常用作实义动词，有时态、人称和数的变化，所不同的是，作实义动词时，在肯定句中，dare 后面通常接带 to 的不定式，在否定和疑问句中，dare 后面可接带 to 或不带 to的不定式。
五. shall 和 should 的用法
的用法：
①shall 用于第一人称，表示征求对方的意愿。
②shall 用于第一、第三人称疑问句中，表示说话人征求对方的意见或向对方请示。
③shall 用于第二、第三人称，表示说话人给对方命令、警告、允诺或威胁。
的用法：
①should 表示劝告、建议、命令，其同义词是 ought to；在疑问句中，通常用 should 代替 ought to。
②Why(or How) + should 结构表示说话人对某事不能理解，感到意外、惊异等意思。意为“竟会”。
③“should + have + 过去分词”结构一般表示义务，表示应该做到而实际上没有做到，并包含一种埋怨、责备的口气。
六. will 和 would 的用法
1. 表示请求、建议等，would 比 will 委婉客气。
2. 表示意志、愿望和决心。
3. 用“will be”和“will(would) + have + 过去分词”的结构表示推测，主要用于第二、三人称。前者表示对目前情况的推测，后者表示对已经完成的动作或事态的推测。
4. would 可表示过去反复发生的动作或某种倾向。
5. 表料想或猜想。
七. ought to 的用法
1. ought to 表示应该。
2. 表示推测。注意与 must 表示推测时的区别：
Hemust be at home by now. （断定他已到家）
He ought to be home by now. （不十分肯定）
This iswhere the oil must be. （比较直率）
This is where the oilought to be. （比较含蓄）
3. “ought to + have + 过去分词”表示过去应做某事而实际未做。ought 和 should 的区别：
语气略强。
较常用。
在美国英语中用的很少，而 should 却相当常用。
属正式用语。
八. used to，had better，would rather 的用法
1. used to 表示过去的习惯动作或状态，现在已不存在，在间接引语中，其形式可不变。如：
Hetold us he used to play football when he was young.
2. had better 意为“最好”，后接不带 to 不定式。
3. would rather 意为“宁愿”，表选择，后接不带 to 的不定式。
Most people think that it is necessary to offer elective courses. They think that students can not only learn some basic life skills, but also enjoy the pleasure of labor and success, and help to cultivate students' creativity. Some people are concerned about this, and they think that this course will become a new burden for students.
I think students will benefit from such practical courses and they will acquire more knowledge in an interesting way.
中文翻译：
我对选修课的看法大多数人认为开设选修课是必要的，他们认为学生不仅可以学习一些基本的生活技能，而且可以享受劳动的乐趣和成功的快乐，而且有助于培养学生的创造性，有些人对此表示关注，他们认为这门课将成为学生的一个新负担。我认为，学生将从这样的实践课程中受益，他们将以一种有趣的方式获得更多的知识。
Art class, like painting and painting, is not as important as other subjects. Therefore, some people think that it should not be a compulsory course in high school. To what extent do you agree or disagree with these words? I think it is absolutely necessary to make this idea come true as soon as possible.
Although there are more strict academic requirements for students, this can not be an excuse to exclude art courses from the curriculum, no matter what The art of art can inspire and motivate students and pave the way for their future studies. I think that art should become a compulsory course in high school. The purpose of education is not to let students master the basic practical survival skills, but also to prepare them for their future life, both physically and psychologically.
中文翻译：
美术课，像绘画和绘画，不如其他学科那么重要，所以有人认为它不应该是高中的必修课，你在多大程度上同意或不同意这些话我认为绝对有必要让这个想法尽快实现，虽然对学生有更严格的学业要求，但这不能成为把艺术课程排除在课程之外的借口，不管什么样的艺术能够激发和激励学生，为他们将来的学业铺平道路。我想，艺术课应该成为高中的必修课，教育的目的不是这样只是为了让学生掌握基本的实际生存技能，同时也为他们将来的生活做准备，无论是生理上还是心理上。
重点词汇、短语
compete 比赛，竞争
take part in 参加，参与
stand for 代表，象征，表示
admit 容许，接纳，承认
as well 也，又，还
host 做东，招待，主人
replace 代替
charge 收费，控诉
in charge 主管，看管
advertise I 做广告，登广告
bargain 讨价还价，讲条件，便宜货
one after another 一个接一个地
deserve 应受（报答或惩罚）
deserve 的用法
deserve to do sth 应该做/值得做
deserve doing = deserve to be done 值得… (doing 表被动意义)
Your suggestion deserves to be considered = deserves considering.
（ 用法相似的动词：need/want/requiredoing= need/want/require to be done 需要….）
take part in : 参加有组织的、重大的活动
join in 参加正在进行的活动
join: 参加团体，党派和组织，成为其中的一员（jointhe army; join the party）
attend: 出席，参加，后跟 meeting，wedding，class,course 等
重点句型
nor/neither + 助动词/be/情态动词 + 主语：表示“…也不这样” I have never been abroad, andneither/nor has he.
If you don’t go to the party, nor willI.
So+情态动词/助动词/be 动词+主语：表示“...也是的一样的”, 强调后者同前者肯定情况一样。
So+主语+情态动词/助动词/be 动词：表示 “的确如此”,对前面情况的肯定。
not only…but (also)… 不但...而且...
Women are not only allowed, but play avery important role in gymnastics.
引导并列结构：引导主语时，谓语动词 就近原则。
引导并列句时，not only 句倒装，即前倒后不倒。
Not only did they take photos, but alsothey had a bid dinner.
语法总结
被动语态
一. 概念：主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
二. 各种时态被动语态的形式
一般现在时的被动语态
am/is/are + done
一般过去时的被动语态
was/were + done
一般将来时的被动语态
will bedone is/am/are going to be done
现在进行时的被动语态
is/am/are + being + done
表示说话人说话时或现阶段正在进行的动作，经常和时间副词 now (现在), right now (现在, 此刻), at present (现在,目前), at this moment (此刻)连用。
5.现在完成时的被动
have/has been done
现在完成时常与 already,always, often, ever, never, yet, not...yet, just 等不表示明确的时间副词连用, 还可以和表示时间一直延续到目前的带(ever )since, for 的状语及包括现在在内的词连用。
如: now, today, this month, this year, recently, these days，many times, so far, by now, in the past/last few days/years… 等。
过去完成时的被动 had been done
过去将来时的被动 would be done
过去进行时的被动 was/were being done
带情态动词的被动语态 情态动词 + be done
动词不定式的被动式 to be done
例：It is an honor for meto be asked to speak here.
三. 注意事项
并不是所有动词都有被动语态
happen, take place, break out, belongto, cost, last 等不及物动词或词组无被动语态。
短语动词、固定搭配变被动语态介词或副词不能省。
例：Time should be madefull use of.
双宾语：一个宾语成主语，另一主语保留不变。
例：Mother will buy me aniphone5. → I will be bought an iphone5 (by my mother) .
→ An iphone5 will be bought for me (bymy mother)
I．单元教学目标
技能目标Skill Goals
Talk about the basic information about Canada— location, main cities, customs and cultural persity.
Learn how to read a traveling report and use maps.
Learn to express directions and positions.
Master the Noun Clause- Appositive clause.
Learn to write a report to express what you hear and see in a place.
II． 目标语言
功能句式表示方向的句式
Where is...?
How does one go to...?
In what direction is...?
Is... close to/far from...?
How far is...?
表示位置的句式
It is/lies in the north/south of...
It is/lies to the south/east/northwest of...
It is within...
Kilometers of...
It is/lies on the west/east.
The place is on the border.
You go along the coast.
It is east /west of...
It is far away from...
One goes northward.
词汇1. 四会词汇
Quiz Canadian minister continent baggage chat scenery eastward westward upward surround harbor measure aboard eagle within border slight acre urban topic mix mixture bush maple frost confirm wealthy distance mist misty schoolmate booth downtown approximately dawn buffet broad nearby tradition terrify terrified pleased impress impressive
2. 词组
Prime minister, rather than, settle down, manage to do, catch sight of, have a gift for, in the distance
语法Noun clause as the appositive
III． 教材分析与教材重组
1. 教材分析
本单元通过两位女孩李黛玉与刘茜的加拿大之旅，向我们展示了加拿大的一些基本概况，包括它的地理位置、主要城市、风土人情以及它的多元文化。通过学习本单元，让学生对加拿大有了更多的了解，使学生能够用所学的词汇与句式表达方向与位置，并学会条理地写出旅游过程中的'所见所闻。
Warming Up部分通过四组问题激活学生有关旅行和加拿大的知识和经历。本单元阅读是“在旅途中看加拿大”，因此，Warming Up通过五个关于加拿大的问题的测试，目的是激活学生已有的知识，为介绍加拿大做好准备。
Pre-reading部分通过四个问题激活学生有关旅行的经历和有关加拿大的知识，使学生产生了解加拿大的兴趣，为阅读做好准备。
Reading 部分是“在旅途中看加拿大”，沿着从西向东的旅游路线向我们介绍了加拿大的面积、地貌、主要城市、人口、生态环境等。两位女孩在旅途中看到了自然美景及野生动物，文章还介绍了加拿大的自然资源，让学生对加拿大的美丽、富饶、幅员辽阔、地广人稀有了更深的了解。学生可以通过学习课文掌握新的词汇、句型和游记的写法，提高学生的阅读能力。
Comprehending部分设计了三种题型，前两个题是对Reading部分细节内容的理解，一个是问答题，一个是改错题。最后是在地图上标出两位女孩的旅游路线，相对简单一些。此部分不仅检测学生对细节的把握，还要求学生列举加拿大蕴藏的两种自然资源，而且检测学生根据课文内容进行推理和判断的能力以及读图能力。抓住文中人物的行踪，就能够很好地把握文中的信息。
Learning about Language部分首先是构词法，培养学生词汇生成能力，旨在通过加上前缀或后缀的方法扩大学生的词汇量。第二部分使用课文中的词汇和信息进行填空和编对话，旨在提高学生活用词汇的能力。语法部分是有关同位语从句的练习。
Using Language部分综合训练听说读写的能力。通过听力填空及讨论的形式进一步了解有关加拿大的知识——居民和语言。阅读部分继续加拿大之旅，从多伦多到蒙特利尔，介绍了加拿大的旅游景点及风土人情。写作部分要求以报告的形式写旅游见闻，要求学生掌握旅游报告的写作方法。
Summing Up部分要求学生就内容、词汇和结构三个方面进行归纳，对本单元所学知识进行概括总结。
2. 教材重组
Reading(I)： 从话题内容和功能上分析Warming Up， Pre-reading Reading与Post-reading话题相同，可以整合成一节阅读课。
Reading(II)：可将Using language中的Reading与Workbook中Reading Task放在同一节课中处理，再上一节阅读课。因为话题都是关于加拿大的城市与风土人情的。
Listening：可将Using Language中的Listening and Writing, Speaking, Workbook中的Listening(P69) 与Workbook中的Listening Task三个活动整合成一节“听力课”。
Speaking:把Learning about Language中的Exercise 4 Making up a dialogue(P36)与 Workbook中的Talking (P69) 和 Speaking Task （P74） 整合一节“口语课”。
Learning about language:将Learning about language( P36 Exercise 4除外) 与Workbook中的Using words && expressions （P70） 和 Using structures （P71） 结合在一起，上一节“语言学习课”。
Writing 可将Using Language中的Writing(P39) 与Workbook中的Writing Task (P74)整合成一节写作课。
3. 课型设计与课时分配 (经分析教材, 本单元可以用六课时教完)
1st period:Reading (I)
2nd period: Reading (II)
3rd period: Listening
4th period:Speaking
5th period:Learning about Language
6th period:Writing
Ⅳ. 分课时教案
The First Period Reading (I)
Teaching goals教学目标
1. Target language目标语言
a. 重点词汇和短语
rather than, baggage, scenery, eastward, chat, surround, harbor, measure, aboard, have a gift for, within, manage to do, catch sight of, eagle, acre, urban
b. 重点句子
2. Ability goal 能力目标
Learn how to describe the places that Li Daiyu and Liu Qian visit in Canada.
Understand the noun clause used as appositive.
Enable the students to understand the details of the passage about Canada and find the correct answers to the questions in the post-reading.
3. Learning ability goals学能目标
Improve the students’ reading ability - guessing words, searching for information.
Learn the information about Canada.
Master the expressions for describing directions and locations.
Teaching important points 教学重点及难点
a. Find the answers to the questions in post-reading.
Learn the methods of writing a traveling report about.
b. Understand the use of noun clause - appositive clause.
Learn to read the traveling report according to the traveling route.
Teaching methods 教学方法
1． Skimming and scanning;
2． Asking-and-answering activities;
3． Listening method.
Teaching aids 教具准备
A computer, a projector and a tape recorder.
Teaching procedures & ways教学过程与方式
Step 1 Revision
Check the students’ homework.
T: Before we come to the new lesson, let’s check your homework.
The teacher checks the assignment of the last class.
Step 2 Lead-in and Warming Up
Show the students the maple flag and ask them some questions.
T: Do you know which country uses this national flag?
Ss: Canada.
T: Which continent is Canada in?
Ss: It is in North America.
T: How large is it?
Ss: I only know it is the second largest country in the world. I don’t know the exact number.
T: Canada occupies an area of 9, 978, 4670 square kilometers. It is a bit bigger than China. Which country is its neighbor?
Ss: The United States.
(The teacher shows a map of Canada to the students.)
T: Right. The United State is its neighbor. Canada is a beautiful country.
Step 3 Pre-reading
T: Now I want to ask you a question. Do you like traveling?
Ss: Yes, we like traveling very much. (No, I don’t like traveling. It is tiring.)
T: I know most of us like traveling. Have you ever been abroad?
Ss: No / Yes.
T: Few of us have ever been abroad. Then what is the longest trip you have ever taken?
Sa: Beijing (Shanghai / Hainan / Harbin).
Sb: I have never been out of my hometown.
T: If you get a chance to go abroad, which three countries would you like to visit most? Why?
Sc: I would like to go to French, Australia and Ireland. I think French is full of romantics and there are many beautiful buildings. Australia is famous for its beautiful scenery and people are very friendly. Ireland is also beautiful. I want to walk along the roads of the countryside.
Sd: I think I will travel in china first, because China is my motherland and she is very beautiful. I would also like to go to Canada so that I can see the large and beautiful lakes, and there’s the wonderful snow scenery. I also feel like paying a visit to Australia because there are many sheep and rare animals there.
T: Very good. We love our motherland, but if we want to make our country more beautiful and more developed, we should know more about the other countries. Here are two questions. You may ask your partner for answers and give your answers to him/her.
Show the questions on the screen or on the blackboard.
If you take a trip to Canada, what do you expect to see?
What three words would you use to describe Canada?
The teacher can ask some pairs to tell their ideas in class.
T: Who’d like to tell us your opinions?
Sa: I want to see the mountains and the forests. Canada is beautiful, wide and people are friendly.
Sb: I want to see the big snow and polar bears, three words large, clean and mysterious.
T: Are they right? You can find the answers in the text. Li Daiyu and Liu Qian will take us to visit Canada. Please turn to Page34, read “A Trip on the True North”.
Step 4 Fast reading
Get the students read the passage quickly and carefully. Meanwhile, help the students form a good habit of reading. T: Do you feel puzzled when you read the title? What is “the True North”? Now, read the passage and get the general idea of the passage. Underline the main places mentioned in the text.
Give the Ss five minutes for reading.
Five minutes later.
T: Time is up. Have you finished?
Ss: Yes, we have.
T: The first question is what the passage is mainly about?
Sa: The passage is about a trip of two girls, and it tells us some information about Canada.
T: Right. It mainly tells us the information about Canada. What are the main places mentioned in the text?
Sb: They are the Atlantic coast, Vancouver, Rocky Mountains, Calgary, Thunder Bay, Lake Superior and Toronto.
T: Look at the map on Page33. Draw the traveling route of the two girls on the map.
Give the students one minute to draw the route.
T: You did a good job. Do you have any difficulty in reading? Let’s look at the difficult points together.
The teacher explains some important or difficult points to the students.
Step 5 Reading aloud
Let the students read the passage again and find the details from the passage.
T: Now you read the questions on Page35 first, and then read the text aloud to find the answers to the questions. After a while, answer the questions in complete sentences without looking at your books.
Give the students a few minutes to read and find answers. Then ask some students to give their answers.
Suggested answers:
1.
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